卷一 01 导论

这是加尔文基督教要义选读的课程的第一节

This is the first lesson of the selected readings of Calvin's Christian doctrines.

我们在没有阅读加尔文的基督教要义卷一之前

Before we read the first volume of Calvin's Christian Institutes.

先来介绍一下加尔文历史学家对他的看法或者是曲解

First, let's introduce the views or distortions of Calvin by historians.

然后我们来看一看加尔文的思想的一些的重点

Now let's take a look at some key points of Calvin's thought.

约翰加尔文是怎么样的一位的宗教改革领袖呢

What kind of religious reform leader was John Calvin?

那关于加尔文特别是所谓加尔文主义

That is about Calvin, especially the so-called Calvinism.

有各种的曲解各种的误解

There are various distortions and misunderstandings.

首先加尔文是不是一位冷酷无情的教授呢

Is Calvin really a cold-hearted professor?

留下来的图画他们的画像录得比较胖

The pictures left behind depict them as relatively chubby.

加尔文比较瘦

Calvin is relatively slim.

看起来好像胖

Looks like you're fat.

不是很友善

Not very friendly.

这是第一个最重要的曲解

This is the first and most important distortion.

第二呢

The second one.

也是很重要的

It is also very important.

就是是不是马丁路德是讲音信称义的

Isn't Martin Luther the one who preached justification by faith?

加尔文是讲预定论的

Calvin talks about predestination.

这个呢

This one?

不论是同情路德或者同情加尔文的思想的人

Whether one sympathizes with Luther or Calvin's ideas.

或者是一字半解的众多的教授们学者们呢

Or perhaps there are many professors and scholars who only understand fragments.

最通常的说法就是这样子

The most common way to say it is like this.

马丁路德是讲音信称义的

Martin Luther is known for preaching justification by faith.

加尔文是讲预定的

Calvin speaks of predestination.

那我们在这个课程里面会看见

Then we will see in this course.

这个是对加尔文的非常非常不公道

This is incredibly unfair to Calvin.

不真实的一种的曲解

A kind of distortion that is not authentic.

因为预定在圣经里面老早就有了

Because predestination has been in the Bible for a long time.

关于预定的教义呢

What about the doctrine of predestination?

阿古斯丁在第五世纪已经讲过

Augustine had already spoken in the fifth century.

马丁路德也相信预定的

Martin Luther also believed in predestination.

加尔文绝对不是创始预定教义的一位的神学家

Calvin is definitely not a theologian who founded the doctrine of predestination.

那后来呢

What happened later?

后来的学者呢

What about later scholars?

就修改了这种的看法

So the view has been changed.

但是他们还是相信呢

But they still believe.

加尔文的思想是有一个重点的

Calvin's thought has a focal point.

假如不是预定的话

If it's not reserved.

不是所谓的预定论的话

It's not so-called determinism.

那可能就是神的荣耀咯

That might be the glory of God.

或者是神的主权

Or it is the sovereignty of God.

或者是基督的神性

Or the divinity of Christ.

不同学者有不同的看法

Different scholars have different views.

他们都认为呢

They all think so.

加尔文的思想有

Calvin's thoughts include

一个一个重点

One by one, focus on the key points.

事实上

In fact

预定只不过是加尔文的神学的

Predestination is merely a theology of Calvin.

多样的重点之一

One of the diverse focuses.

我们要在怎么样的一个架构

What kind of framework do we want?

怎么样的一个处境

What kind of situation is this?

或者语境

Or context.

一个context里面

In a context.

去了解加尔文对预定的教导呢

Go learn about Calvin's teachings on predestination.

应该这样说

It should be said like this.

加尔文的基督教要义

The Christian doctrines of Calvin.

在卷三讨论的

Discussed in Volume Three

是圣灵

It is the Holy Spirit.

怎么样的运行

What kind of operation?

圣灵怎么样施行

How does the Holy Spirit operate?

耶稣基督已经成就的救恩

The salvation accomplished by Jesus Christ.

而在圣灵施行救恩的

And in the salvation exercised by the Holy Spirit.

这个很大的题目里面

This is a very big topic.

较后的

later

比较后面的

Compare the latter.

有一个题目就是得救的确据

There is a topic on the assurance of salvation.

在这个地方

In this place

加尔文讨论了神的预定

Calvin discussed God's predestination.

虽然后来的威敏斯特新讲告白

Although the later Westminster Confession of Faith

把预定放在前面

Put the reservation first.

讲圣经

Talk about the Bible.

神

God

三位一体之后呢

What comes after the Trinity?

就讲到神的预制

Just talk about God's preordained plan.

就是神的永恒的计划

It is God's eternal plan.

神所预定的计划

God's predetermined plan

但是这个不是加尔文的排列的方法

But this is not Calvin's method of arrangement.

有人这样说

Someone said this.

加尔文的思想

Calvin's thought

好像有两个焦点

It seems like there are two focal points.

一个是神的主权

One is the sovereignty of God.

一个呢

One.

是耶稣基督

It is Jesus Christ.

是我们教会的救助主

He is the Savior of our church.

神的主权

The sovereignty of God

基督是救助主

Christ is the Savior.

有两个重点

There are two key points.

两个重点

Two key points.

这个焦点

This focus

其实讲到预定

Actually, speaking of reservations.

加尔文教导

Calvin's teachings

他的学生

His student.

他的读者们

His readers.

要怎么样来使用

How to use it?

怎么样应用

How to apply?

预定这个教义呢

This doctrine is reserved.

要存谦卑的心

One must cultivate a humble heart.

或者说预定是教导我们

Or it can be said that predestination is teaching us.

要有一个谦卑的心

One must have a humble heart.

一个感恩的心

A grateful heart.

放胆

Dare to act.

热心

Enthusiastic

服侍神的心

The heart of serving God.

这个是预定

This is a reservation.

这项教义的用法

The usage of this doctrine.

预定就从来不是

Reservations have never been.

用来给我们跟亚米尼安主义者

Used to deal with us and the Armenians.

去辩论的

Go to debate.

特别是那些不信的人

Especially those who do not believe.

上面我们说过

We mentioned above.

加尔文其实呢

Actually, Calvin…

不是主要教导预定的

Not primarily teaching about predestination.

一位的教会领袖

A church leader.

那加尔文究竟主要是

What exactly is Calvin mainly about?

怎么样的一个人呢

What kind of person is he/she?

自从他开始

Since he began

在日内瓦改变了

Changed in Geneva.

就是说

That is to say.

重新的建立

Reestablishment

当地的教会

Local church

以后呢

What about later?

他是一位很出色的解经家

He is an outstanding exegete.

很出色的解经家

An outstanding exegete.

加尔文所写的

Written by Calvin

圣经注释

Bible Commentary

今天英文的版本呢

Where is the English version for today?

有22卷这么多

There are as many as 22 volumes.

基督教要一只

Christianity wants a...

不过是两卷

It's just two volumes.

所以比较起来呢

So in comparison,

他写的圣经注释

His biblical commentary.

可以说是他一生主要的工作

It can be said that it was the main work of his life.

除了注释还有一些的讲章

In addition to the notes, there are also some sermons.

加尔文是瑞士日内瓦

Calvin is from Geneva, Switzerland.

教会的牧师

The pastor of the church.

或者说是教师

Or it can be said to be a teacher.

一般来说

Generally speaking

他一个礼拜至少讲四次道

He gives a sermon at least four times a week.

一三五

One, three, five.

当然还有主日的

Of course, there is also Sunday.

加尔文也是一位

Calvin is also a

促进教会合一的

Promoting the unity of the church.

国际性领袖

International leader

16世纪的宗教改革

The Religious Reformation of the 16th Century

分成四个运动

Divided into four movements.

马丁路德

Martin Luther

所带领的路德宗

The Lutheran Church led by.

或者说今天称为信义宗

Or it can be said that today it is called the Faithful Religion.

这是一个

This is a

第二是加尔文

The second is Calvin.

所发起的改革宗

Reformed movement initiated.

或者加尔文主义

Or Calvinism

第三呢

The third one.

是亨利第八世为了离婚而离开天主教

It was Henry VIII who left the Catholic Church in order to divorce.

所成立的圣公会

Founded Anglican Church

或者是安利甘宗

Or it could be Anli Gan Zong.

最后

Finally

第四派呢

What about the fourth faction?

是德国的农民运动

It is the German farmers' movement.

重启派

Reboot faction

路德宗改革宗

Lutheran Reformed Church

安利甘宗和重启派

Amway Gan Zong and the Reboot faction.

在这四个运动

In these four sports.

这四个运动

These four sports.

组成宗教改革

Formation of the Reformation

在这个四个运动中间

Among these four sports.

改革宗是

Reformed theology is

最国际性的运动

The most international sport.

其中一个原因呢

One of the reasons is...

是因为加尔文的学生

It is because of Calvin's students.

来自他自己的祖国

From his own homeland.

法国

France

他们逃到瑞内瓦去

They fled to Geneva.

学神学之后

After studying theology.

回去法国

Go back to France.

一般毕业回法国之后

Generally, after graduating, I return to France.

平均18个月

On average, 18 months.

就被砍头的

Just beheaded.

所以那个毕业证书呢

So what about that graduation certificate?

它着号是砍头证书

It is a beheading certificate.

Hanging Certificate

Hanging Certificate

法国

France

瑞士

Switzerland

荷兰

Netherlands

德国

Germany

匈牙利

Hungary

波兰

Poland

英国

United Kingdom

苏格兰

Scotland

爱尔兰

Ireland

加尔文的学生

Calvin's students

来自这么多的国家

From so many countries.

然后呢

And then?

他们

They

就是这些不同的国家的

These are the different countries.

改革宗领袖

Reformed church leader

彼此之间

Between each other

也有很多来往

There is also a lot of interaction.

一个国家的青年

Youth of a nation

可能去另外一个国家

Maybe go to another country.

去读神学

Go study theology.

那除了改革宗本身

Besides the Reformed Church itself,

是国际性以外呢

Is there anything beyond international?

加尔文自己跟路德宗

Calvin himself and Lutheranism.

特别路德的助手

Special Luther’s assistant

Melanchthon

Melanchthon

有很多的来往

There are many exchanges.

尽可能呢

As much as possible.

跟路德宗达成协议

Reach an agreement with the Lutheran Church.

至少有一次呢

At least once.

加尔文签了一个路德宗的

Calvin signed a Lutheran document.

信仰的告白的

Confession of faith

所以改革宗是

So the Reformed is

在宗教改革四个运动里面呢

In the four movements of the Reformation, you see...

最国际性的

Most international.

因此影响力也是最广的一个运动

Therefore, it is also the sport with the widest influence.

加尔文是

Calvin is

解经家

Interpreter of scriptures

加尔文是牧者

Calvin is a shepherd.

是教师

Is a teacher.

是国际教会合一运动的领袖

He is the leader of the International Church Unity Movement.

最后加尔文是一位神学家

Finally, Calvin was a theologian.

但是不是一位哲学猜测的

But it is not a philosophical guess.

猜测性的神学家

Speculative theologians

所以我们不要惧怕

So we should not be afraid.

不翻开基督教要义来读

Do not open the essentials of Christianity to read.

其实呢

Actually,

加尔文所讲的

What Calvin spoke about.

就是一个基督徒

It's just a Christian.

应该怎么样过

How should one live?

一个敬虔的生活

A pious life.

或者说

Or rather

其实他写基督教要义第一版的目的

In fact, his purpose in writing the first edition of the Christian essentials.

就是指导基督徒读圣经的时候

It is about guiding Christians to read the Bible.

应该问一些怎么样的问题

What kind of questions should be asked?

那我们读圣经可能问一些很重要的问题

Then we may ask some very important questions when we read the Bible.

可能问一些不重要的无谓的问题

May ask some unimportant and trivial questions.

那基督教要义

The essential tenets of Christianity.

就是告诉我们读经的时候

It is to tell us that during the reading of the scriptures.

应该问些什么问题

What questions should be asked?

比方说

For example

人怎么样

How is the person?

认识神

Knowing God

神是怎么样一位神

What kind of God is God?

三位一体是指什么

What does the Trinity refer to?

耶稣是谁

Who is Jesus?

罪是什么

What is sin?

救恩是什么

What is salvation?

圣灵的工作是什么

What is the work of the Holy Spirit?

教会有什么的工作和胜利

What work and victories does the church have?

这些是我们应该问圣经的问题

These are the questions we should ask the Bible.

所以加尔文呢

So, what about Calvin?

不是一个猜测性的

It is not a matter of speculation.

哲学性的一个神学家

A philosophical theologian.

这并不是说他没有哲学的造义

This does not mean that he lacks philosophical meaning.

只不过是说

It's just saying.

基督教要义和

Christian doctrine and

他众多的

His numerous.

祝师和讲道呢

Blessing to the master and preaching.

主要是为了造就教会的

Mainly for the purpose of building the church.

在研究加尔文和后来的改革中

In the study of Calvin and the later Reformation.

或者加尔文主义的历史

Or the history of Calvinism.

这一段研究历史的历史中

In this segment of the history of historical research.

也就是说过去特别两百年了

In other words, it has been especially two hundred years in the past.

研究加尔文跟改革中历史的

Study Calvin and the history of the Reformation.

这段时间呢

During this period of time.

有一些学者会把加尔文和加尔文主义

Some scholars will compare Calvin and Calvinism.

对立起来

Confront each other.

加尔文呢

Where's Calvin?

是一位很

It is a very...

温馨的牧者

Warm Shepherd

加尔文主义呢

What about Calvinism?

是冷酷无情的哲学系统

It is a cold and ruthless philosophical system.

甚至福巴科

Even Fabaco

J.I.Packer会说

J.I. Packer would say

加尔文呢

Where is Calvin?

是以福音为重的

It is focused on the gospel.

用后来的名词来说呢

In terms of later terminology,

加尔文是一位堕落后主义者

Calvin is a post-fallenist.

也就是说

That is to say.

加尔文是没有清楚教导

Calvin did not provide clear teachings.

双重预定的

Double booking.

但是呢

But then

加尔文的继承人

The heirs of Calvin

比萨

Pizza

就是1564年

It was 1564.

加尔文去世之后

After Calvin's death.

继承他的

Inherit his.

日内瓦的教会领袖呢

What about the church leaders in Geneva?

就提倡了堕落前主义

It advocates for pre-decadence ideology.

简单的说就是双重预定

In simple terms, it's double booking.

所以有些学者就说呢

So some scholars say.

加尔文死了之后

After Calvin died.

第二代的教会领袖

Second generation church leaders

就把加尔文主义

Just Calvinism.

说成一种很冷酷的

Said in a very cold manner.

猜测的哲学系统

The philosophical system of speculation.

最近在威明斯特神学院

Recently at Westminster Theological Seminary

几位的教会历史教授

Several church history professors.

还有加尔文神学院的

There is also Calvin Theological Seminary.

Richard Muller

Richard Muller

M.M.Muller

M.M.Muller

他们呢

What about them?

开始重建

Start rebuilding.

加尔文与加尔文主义

Calvin and Calvinism

之间的关系

The relationship between them.

简单的说就是

In simple terms, it means...

加尔文主义

Calvinism

或者说后来的第二代的

Or it can be said that the later second generation of...

第三代的改革中领袖

Leader of the third generation of reforms.

只不过是

It's just that.

持续了继续了

Continued on.

延伸了加尔文原来的教导

Extended Calvin's original teachings.

他们之间是有着

They have between them.

一个不间断的

An uninterrupted one.

一个关系

A relationship

加尔文不是一个

Calvin is not one.

不谈哲学的神学家

The theologian who does not discuss philosophy.

但是他的神学

But his theology

不是很哲学性的

Not very philosophical.

他后来的

His later.

第二代的牧师们

The second generation of pastors.

的确把他的思想系统化

Indeed, he has systematized his thoughts.

但是并不是偏离他的教导

But it does not deviate from his teachings.

他们之间的差距

The gap between them.

没有那么的大

Not that big.

这个是目前

This is currently.

威明斯特和加尔文神学院

Westminster and Calvin Theological Seminary

这一类的神学院的教授

Professors of this type of seminary.

努力的方向

The direction of effort.

除了福音派里面

Besides within the evangelical community.

会学习加尔文

Will study Calvin.

看加尔文神学院的教导

Look at the teachings of Calvin Theological Seminary.

但加尔文跟加尔文主义之间

But between Calvin and Calvinism

有着很密切的关系

Has a very close relationship.

除了这个大家庭以外

Apart from this big family.

在福音派以外的新正统神学家

New Orthodox theologians outside of evangelicalism

就试图按照他们的神学

Just try to follow their theology.

来塑造加尔文的形象

To shape Calvin's image.

包括有名的

Including the famous ones.

Francois Wendell

Francois Wendell

W-E-N-D-E-L

W-E-N-D-E-L

他用法文写了一本

He wrote a book in French.

叫做Calvin

Called Calvin.

翻成英文了

Translated into English.

Calvin

Calvin

The Origin of God

The Origin of God

Evidence and Development of His Theological Thought

Evidence and Development of His Theological Thought

加尔文

Calvin

他的神学思想的起源与发展

The origin and development of his theological thought.

Wendell就很明显的

It's obvious that Wendell...

用了他的新正统的神学思想

He used his new orthodox theological thought.

来重新塑造加尔文

Come to reshape Calvin.

我们在学习基督教要义的过程

We are in the process of studying the essentials of Christianity.

会指出新正统是如何的去解了加尔文

It will point out how the new orthodoxy interprets Calvin.

中文的唯一一本书名叫

The only book in Chinese is called.

《加尔文神学》的这本书呢

This book on Calvin's theology.

校园出版的

Campus publishing.

也同样的用了新正统神学的角度

Also used the perspective of the new orthodox theology.

去理解加尔文的神学

To understand Calvin's theology.

那本书的作者很大方

The author of that book is very generous.

在他的附录里呢

In his appendix, you know.

录了一篇书评

I recorded a book review.

是张林志牧师写的

It's written by Pastor Zhang Linzhi.

张林志是威米斯的神学院的

Zhang Linzhi is from the seminary of Weimis.

系统神学跟历史的博士

Doctor of Systematic Theology and History

他就指出那本书呢

He just pointed out that book.

有新正统神学的味道

It has the flavor of a new orthodox theology.

然后呢

And then?

该书的作者呢

Who is the author of the book?

又回应这篇的书评

Again responding to the review of this article.

说呢

Say it.

破坏教会和义是非常不好的一件事

It is very bad to destroy the church and righteousness.

那所以无论是在法文英文中文呢

So, whether in French, English, or Chinese...

都有学者们呢

There are scholars.

去解按照巴特的新正统神学

Go to interpret according to Barth's new orthodox theology.

去去解加尔文的

Go to解 Calvin's.

那你说这个去解的重点在哪里呢

So where do you think the main focus of this solution lies?

重点就在

The focus is on.

人不可能认识神本身

Humans cannot know God Himself.

人不可能认识神的

Humans cannot know God.

本身

itself

人只能认识神的启示

Humans can only know the revelations of God.

这个话的意思就是说

What this means is that

当我们认识了神所启示的时候呢

When we come to know what is revealed by God?

其实不是认识神自己的

In fact, it is not knowing God Himself.

这个是一种很存在主义式的说法

This is a very existential statement.

神本身是一位全然他者

God Himself is a wholly Other.

神是很遥远的

God is very distant.

是我们不可能掌握的

It is something we cannot grasp.

我们能够掌握的只不过是

What we can grasp is only

耶稣基督

Jesus Christ

或者说关于耶稣基督的本质

Or to say about the nature of Jesus Christ.

耶稣基督的见证

The testimony of Jesus Christ

就是圣经

It's the Bible.

掌握到圣经

Master the Bible.

这本人写的有错的

This was written by me and has mistakes.

就是按照他们的角度来看

From their perspective.

有错的这本圣经的时候呢

When there is a mistake in this Bible?

还没有真正掌握到神

Still haven’t truly grasped the divine.

真的掌握到神是不可能的

It is truly impossible to fully grasp the divine.

所以这个是新正统

So this is the new orthodoxy.

对加尔文的特别的去解

A special interpretation of Calvin.

好现在呢

Well, what about now?

我们来简单的看一看

Let's take a brief look.

加尔文的一生和他的事工

The life of Calvin and his ministry.

加尔文是法国人

Calvin is French.

1509年出生

Born in 1509.

在巴黎以东北的

Northeast in Paris.

Noion

Noion

他所接受的

What he has accepted.

是人文主义式的教育

It is a humanistic education.

那这种的教育呢

Then what about this kind of education?

有一种的特色

There is a kind of characteristic.

就是

That's it.

学生可以旅游

Students can travel.

欧洲不同的城市

Different cities in Europe

每一个城市住个三个月

Live in each city for three months.

六个月可以长一点

It can grow a little in six months.

那在每个城市可以听到

Then you can hear it in every city.

有名的学者的演讲

Speech by a renowned scholar

那加尔文也住在

Then Calvin also lives in.

他父亲的巴黎

His father's Paris.

朋友家

Friend's house

这位叔叔家里有很多的书

This uncle has many books at home.

也很多的朋友

Also many friends.

在餐桌上呢

At the dining table.

就会辩论讨论

Then there will be debates and discussions.

不同的最新的人文主义的思想

Different contemporary humanistic thoughts.

包括马丁路德

Including Martin Luther

所写的书

The book that was written.

马丁路德所宣讲的福音

The gospel preached by Martin Luther.

那所以呢

So what?

加尔文呢

Where's Calvin?

饱受了这种人文主义的

Suffered greatly from this humanism.

文史哲的教育

Education in literature, history, and philosophy.

他是读法律的

He is studying law.

他

He

也很精通拉丁文

Also very proficient in Latin.

他第一本书

His first book.

第一本的论文呢

Where is the paper for the first book?

是论一位拉丁作者

It is about a Latin author.

Seneca论大赦

Seneca on the Great Amnesty

Clemency的一篇的论文

An article on Clemency.

那我们可以看见呢

Then we can see it.

加尔文受了

Calvin has suffered.

人文主义的教育训练模式

Humanistic education training model

的影响

the impact

在这里呢顺便解释一下

Let me take this opportunity to explain.

什么叫做人文主义

What is called humanism?

当我们说加尔文甚至乎路德

When we talk about Calvin and even Luther.

都接受了人文主义的教育

All have received an education in humanism.

的时候呢

When is it?

意思不是说

It doesn't mean to say.

他们接受了纯正的福音之后呢

What happened after they accepted the true gospel?

他们的思想还是以人为中心

Their thinking is still people-centered.

人是万物的衡量者审判者

Man is the measure and judge of all things.

不是这个意思

That's not what I mean.

我们用人文主义

We use humanism.

这个名字在这里呢

This name is here.

不是指以人为中心

It does not refer to being people-centered.

不以神为中心的思想

A worldview not centered on God.

我们在这里所讲的人文主义呢

The humanism we are talking about here.

是指一种特别的教导

It refers to a special kind of teaching.

或者训练的方法

Or training methods.

当时从意大利开始

It started from Italy at that time.

16世纪

16th century

大学里面

In the university.

有一批的教授

A group of professors.

他们是教修持学的

They teach the practice of cultivation.

修持学

Cultivation Studies

按照古希腊的教育系统呢

According to the education system of ancient Greece.

修持学是七门科目的一门

Cultivation studies is one of the seven subjects.

但是是在七门里面

But it is among the seven gates.

不是最重要的三门

Not the three most important.

是不重要的四门里面的

It is not important among the four doors.

非常不重要的一课

A very unimportant lesson.

有一点像今天的中国

A bit like today's China.

或者亚洲呢

Or Asia?

老师们太过注重学生的

Teachers are too focused on students'

学业跟声乐

Academic studies and vocal music.

声学的时候呢

When it comes to acoustics?

就会忽略到他们的健康

Will ignore their health.

所以体育呢

So, in terms of sports...

就不上这种的地位

Just don't hold such a position.

那这些的修持学老师们呢

So what about the teachers of these cultivation studies?

有一个理想

There is an ideal.

就是他们的学生

They are their students.

或者说受过教育的

Or educated.

有修养的

Cultivated

有文化的人呢

Cultured people, right?

应该是很懂得

Should be very understanding.

怎么样向大众演讲的

How to give a public speech?

那怎么样才能做一位

So how can one become a...

有修养的演说家呢

A cultured speaker.

那一个有修养的演说家

That cultured orator.

需要两个要素

Needs two elements.

一个是修持要美

One is that cultivation should be beautiful.

Eloquence

Eloquence

二是言之有物

The second is to be substantial in what one says.

Wisdom

Wisdom

智慧

Wisdom

修持和智慧

Cultivation and wisdom

那怎么样才能做一个

Then how can one do it?

修持好又有智慧

Cultivating well and possessing wisdom.

言之有物的人呢

What about those who speak with substance?

那就要读古典的

Then you need to read the classics.

希腊文跟拉丁文的

Greek and Latin.

文史者格达斯的著作

The works of the historian Ge Das.

所以当我们说

So when we say

加尔文是饱受

Calvin is deeply troubled.

人文主义教育

Humanistic education

我们的意思就是说

What we mean is that

他们很知道

They are very aware.

也很熟古代的

Also very familiar with ancient times.

希腊文跟拉丁文的著作

Works in Greek and Latin.

他们的写作的风格呢

What about their writing style?

有的时候我们会感觉到

Sometimes we may feel that

他们的句子

Their sentences.

加尔文

Calvin

特别后来的清教徒

Especially later Puritans.

约翰欧文呢

Where's John Irwin?

他们的句子很长很繁琐

Their sentences are very long and complicated.

那这个呢

What about this?

的确是拉丁文的修持的

It is indeed the practice of Latin.

一种的技巧

A kind of skill

所以我们会觉得

So we will feel that

我们读加尔文

We read Calvin.

特别读后来的欧文的时候呢

Especially when reading the later works of Irving.

盼望他们的

Hope for them.

长长的句子呢

A long sentence.

不会让我们的学习

Will not let our learning.

受到太大的影响

Greatly impacted.

有的时候其实我们也会

Sometimes we will too.

这样讲话的

Speaking like this.

我们也会在讲到的时候

We will also mention it when we talk about it.

重叠重叠

Overlapping overlapping

一个形容词

An adjective

两个三个四个

Two, three, four.

然后才把那个句子讲完

Then I finished saying that sentence.

或者保罗

Or Paul

一句话里面有很多的

There are many things in a sentence.

附带的小句

Accompanying sentence.

同样的道理

The same principle.

加尔文呢

Where's Calvin?

是饱受人文主义的训练的

It has been extensively trained in humanism.

他大概是说

He probably said.

他大概是1534年归主

He probably returned to the Lord in 1534.

但是呢

But then

没有很仔细的资料

There is no detailed information.

他有写他的见证

He has written his testimony.

但是不写他是什么时候

But don't write when he is.

或者是在什么情况之下

Or under what circumstances.

经历了什么

What have you experienced?

而信主的

And those who believe in the Lord.

那这个是从加尔文开始

Then this starts from Calvin.

一直到清教徒运动的一个传统

A tradition that dates back to the Puritan movement.

他们认为呢

What do they think?

写个人见证呢

Writing a personal testimony?

应当少写人

One should write about people less.

多写神

Write more about the gods.

所以你读一篇的自传的时候呢

So when you read an autobiography,

差不多每一次

Almost every time.

你都找不到

You can't find it.

他们是究竟在怎么样的情况之下

What situation are they actually in?

信主的

Believer in the Lord

不像马丁路德

Not like Martin Luther.

不像约翰·魏斯里

Not like John Wesley.

他们要讲的是

What they want to talk about is

人的罪

The sins of man.

人的违小

The violation of human rights.

人的污秽

The filth of humanity.

神的荣耀

The glory of God

神的恩典

The grace of God

神的大能

The power of God.

神的带领

The guidance of God.

大概是1534年得救

Probably saved in 1534.

然后呢

And then?

他在日内瓦改教的工作

His work of reform in Geneva.

分两次

Divide into two parts.

1536到1538

1536 to 1538

然后呢

What then?

1541到1564

1541 to 1564

也就是说呢

In other words,

1536年

1536 year

法尔·威廉·法尔

Farrell William Farrell

邀请他

Invite him.

他当时路过日内瓦

He was passing through Geneva at that time.

被法尔呢

Be Falne.

重重的以神的旨意的名义

In the name of the divine will.

恐吓他

Intimidate him.

要求他

Ask him.

邀请他

Invite him.

哀求他留下来

Beg him to stay.

带领日内瓦的教会

Leading the church in Geneva

他做了两年之后呢

What happened after he worked for two years?

法尔和他呢

Fa'er and him?

都被逼离开日内瓦

All were forced to leave Geneva.

然后呢

And then?

当地的商人大家庭呢

The local merchants' extended family.

知不晓他们那种的

Do you know what they're like?

以神的话

With the words of God.

牧师教导神的话

The pastor teaches the Word of God.

带领的教会的模式

The model of the leading church.

加尔文就去了

Calvin went there.

Strasbourg

Strasbourg

去了Martin Busser

Went to Martin Busser.

布萨尔

Bussar

所带领的

Led by

那个基督信教的城市

That city of Christianity.

所以加尔文也深受了

So Calvin was also deeply influenced.

Busser的影响

The influence of Busser.

其中一点呢

One point is that...

就是

That is.

加尔文本来呢

Where is Gal?

不太看重

Not taken seriously.

这个

This

唱诗歌

Sing hymns.

在赞美的时候

When praising

在敬拜的时候

During worship

Busser的Strasbourg

Busser's Strasbourg

这个地方呢

This place.

用了一些

Used some.

德文的人才

German talents

把诗篇编成可以唱的诗歌

Set the psalms to music as singable hymns.

用德文唱

Sing in German.

加尔文回到日内瓦

Calvin returned to Geneva.

第二次呢

The second time?

又被邀请回去日内瓦

Invited back to Geneva again.

他就请人呢

He just asked someone.

把诗篇翻成法文

Translate the poems into French.

可以唱的诗歌

Singable poetry

押韵的诗歌

Rhymed poetry

1541年回到日内瓦的时候呢

When he returned to Geneva in 1541?

加尔文就写了

Calvin just wrote.

日内瓦的教会的章程

The statutes of the church in Geneva.

这个也是很重要的

This is also very important.

一篇的文献

A piece of literature.

加尔文认为

Calvin believed

新约的教会有四种的职份

The church of the New Testament has four types of positions.

就是牧师

It's just the pastor.

教导的

Teaching

或者教师

Or teacher.

长老

Elder

和执事

And the deacon.

他在1559年

He was in 1559.

创办了日内瓦大学

Founded the University of Geneva.

那这个是我们今天

So this is what we have today.

对这所学校的称谓

The name of this school.

当时呢称为

At that time it was called

公立学校

Public school

和私立学校

And private schools.

那这个不是

Then this is not.

真的是公立私立的意思

It really means public and private.

公立学校就是大学

Public schools are universities.

书院

Academy

私立学校就是神学的意思

Private schools mean theology.

这个教育的方针的意思就是

The meaning of this educational policy is that

人要先理解神的世界

One must first understand the world of God.

然后呢

And then?

才研读神的话语

Just studying God's words.

先读好人文科学

First, read well the humanities.

有一个好的根基

Having a good foundation.

然后才来读神学

Then I came to study theology.

那这个也是为什么到了今天呢

So this is also why we have reached today.

西方的神学院

Western Seminary

锁实程度的神学院呢

The seminary with a level of security.

都要求

All are required.

一种文科的学士的背景

A background in a Bachelor of Arts.

教尔文在1539年就写了

Teach Erwen wrote it in 1539.

《基督教要义》的第一版

The first edition of "The Christian Faith."

当时呢没有今天的这么长

At that time, it wasn't as long as today.

今天我们所有的英文的版本

Today we have all the English versions.

有1400页

There are 1400 pages.

跟新旧约圣经差不多那么长

About as long as the Old and New Testaments of the Bible.

1539年呢

The year 1539.

连一半都没有

Not even half.

他写了很多次的修订版

He wrote many revised versions.

差不多每一次

Almost every time.

先写拉丁文

First write in Latin.

然后又有法文

Then there is French again.

所以这个基督教要义

So this Christian doctrine

经过了很多次的修改

After many revisions.

写完了《基督教要义》第一次之后呢

After finishing the first version of "The Institutes of the Christian Religion," what next?

教尔文写了22卷的《圣经注释》

John Owen wrote 22 volumes of "Commentaries on the Bible."

有人就问了

Someone asked.

那教尔文在写这么多的《圣经注释》的时候

When Darwin was writing so many "Bible Commentaries"

有没有修改他的立场呢

Has his position changed?

答案是没有

The answer is no.

那假如没有的话

Then what if there isn’t?

那他是不是用推理的

So is he using reasoning?

不是《归纳斯的查经》呢

It's not "Inductive Bible Study," is it?

他究竟有没有让《圣经》说话呢

Did he really make the Bible speak?

答案是有的

The answer is yes.

众多的教尔文研究学者们呢

Many scholars studying the teachings of our literary studies.

都认为教尔文是一个特别聪明的

Everyone thinks that Darwin is exceptionally intelligent.

有才干恩赐的学者

A gifted scholar with talent.

所以他先写的《基督教要义》

So he first wrote "The Institutes of Christianity."

就是他先对整本《圣经》的教导

It is just that he first addressed the teachings of the entire Bible.

有一个很清楚的掌握

There is a very clear understanding.

然后花了20多年呢

It took more than 20 years then.

写了这么多本的《圣经注释》

Wrote so many volumes of "Bible Commentary."

总的来说

In general

他是一位教导《圣经》

He is a teacher of the Bible.

解释《圣经》的一位的教师

A teacher who explains the Bible.

我们盼望呢

We are looking forward to it.

读他的《基督教要义》的时候

When reading his "Christian Doctrine"

看到其实他是一位

Seeing that he is actually a...

用心鼓励教会过金钱生活的一位的牧师

A pastor who encourages and teaches the church about living a life of money with care.