This is the 64th most frequent Afrikaans word.
afgelope
"Past" or "recent."
In this sentence, 'afgelope' is used as an adjective meaning 'past' or 'previous', describing a time period that has just ended.
Die afgelope week het ons baie reën gehad.
The past week we had a lot of rain.
In this usage, 'afgelope' is part of the phrase referring to a stretch of time, meaning 'in the last' or 'during the previous' five years.
In die afgelope vyf jaar het sy baie leer bereik.
In the past five years, she has achieved a lot.
Here, 'afgelope' functions as a descriptor for the noun 'toets' (test), signifying the test that was taken recently or has just been completed.