This is the 6520th most frequent Chinese word.
數學
Mathematics.
In this sentence, "數學" is used as a noun referring to the academic subject of mathematics.
數學是我最喜愛的科目之一。
Mathematics is one of my favorite subjects.
Here, "數學" is treated as an object within the verb phrase "學習數學" (studying mathematics), emphasizing the discipline's necessity of certain skills.
學習數學需要邏輯和分析能力。
Studying mathematics requires logic and analytical skills.
In this instance, "數學" is used adjectivally to describe the type of homework, that being related to mathematics.