This is the 1940th most frequent German word.
damaligen
"Damaligen" means "of that time" or "at that time."
The word 'damaligen' refers to the presidents who held the position during a previous, specific time period.
Die damaligen Präsidenten haben wichtige Entscheidungen getroffen.
The presidents at that time made important decisions.
The term 'damaligen' describes 'Zeit' as pertaining to a specific previous era.
In der damaligen Zeit waren viele Dinge einfacher.
At that time, many things were simpler.
Here, 'damaligen' characterizes 'Verhalten' as the group's conduct during a specific past moment or situation.