This is the 1264th most frequent Japanese word.
増える
"Increase" or "to increase."
Here, '増える' is used as an intransitive verb, indicating that the population is growing by itself.
人口が増える。
The population is increasing.
In this sentence, '増える' describes the increase in the amount of river water as a result of rain.
雨が降ると川の水が増える。
When it rains, the river water increases.
The verb '増える' here describes the increase in the amount or frequency of physical activity.