外

外

"Outside" or "exterior."

In this sentence, 外 (soto) is used to specify the location of something being outside of a specific place, in this case, the window.

窓の外に鳥がいます。

There is a bird outside the window.

In this example, 外 (soto) denotes the external surface of an object, specifically the box in question.

この箱の外に注意書きがあります。

There is a caution note on the outside of this box.

Here, 外 (soto) is used metaphorically to describe the 'outside world,' distinguishing it from an implied internal world or local environment.

彼は外の世界を知りたがっている。

He wants to know about the outside world.