This is the 1593rd most frequent Japanese word.
寒
"寒" means "cold" or "chilly" in English.
寒い is an adjective describing the cold temperature.
今日はとても寒いですね。
It's very cold today.
寒すぎる contains 寒 metaphorically describing a lack of humor.
彼の話は寒すぎて誰も笑わなかった。
His story was too unfunny, and no one laughed.
寒さ is a noun conveying the cold temperature experienced.