This is the 3278th most frequent Japanese word.
廃
"廃" means "abolish," "discard," or "abandon."
Here, '廃' refers to being abandoned or disused, representing the castle's state of no longer being in use.
この城は数年前に廃となった。
This castle became abandoned a few years ago.
In this context, '廃' describes the factory as being abandoned or unused, setting the premise for its transformation.
彼は廃工場を改装してアートスペースにした。
He renovated the abandoned factory into an art space.
Here, '廃' is used in composition to describe '廃車' (abandoned cars), signifying items no longer in active use.