This is the 310th most frequent Japanese word.
新しい
New.
Here '新しい' modifies '本' (book), indicating that the book is new.
私は新しい本を買いました。
I bought a new book.
Here '新しい' describes 'こと' (things), expressing novelty or uniqueness about the information or activity.
新しいことを学ぶのが好きです。
I like learning new things.
Here '新しい' refers to '友達' (friends), emphasizing that the friends being referred to are recently made or recently encountered.