This is the 391st most frequent Spanish word.
maduro
"Maduro" means "ripe" or "mature" in English.
In this context, 'maduro' describes the ripeness of the banana, indicating that the fruit is ready to be consumed.
El plátano ya está maduro y listo para comer.
The banana is already ripe and ready to eat.
In this instance, 'maduro' refers to the developed flavor of the cheese, indicating it has undergone a process like aging or fermentation that affects its taste in a desirable way.
Ese queso tiene un sabor maduro y muy especial.
That cheese has a mature and very special flavor.
Here, 'madura' (feminine form of 'maduro') refers to Maria's emotional or mental maturity, suggesting she displays qualities above what might be expected for her age.