This is the 5945th most frequent Spanish word.
vector
A quantity with both magnitude and direction.
In this sentence, 'vector' is used in the mathematical sense, referring to a quantity defined by both a direction and magnitude.
El vector matemático tiene una dirección y magnitud.
The mathematical vector has direction and magnitude.
Here, 'vector' is used in a biological context to describe an organism that transmits pathogens to other organisms.
En biología, el mosquito es un vector de enfermedades.
In biology, the mosquito is a vector for diseases.
In this case, 'vector' is metaphorically used to mean a driving force or medium that facilitates progression or development.